Education In France Essay Example For Students

Education In France Essay Education in FranceJulia WilkinsonFrance is a nation focused on culture. It is in many ways the cultural capital of the world. France has always been an inspiration for many artists. Due to its strong culture and other moral factors, France is a country afraid of change and its education system is subject to this fear. In France today, the education system is very similar to what it has been in the past. As other nations take steps to reform and improve their educational facilities France must be willing to follow or they will be left behind. In France the education system is run by the state, it is supported by the state and is therefore basically free. During a French education, emphasis is placed on the transfer of knowledge. This approach is different from the U.S. where the emphasis is placed on showing the excitement of learning and how the child can find information for him or herself. As in the U.S., education is separated into levels that must be passed in a sequence to go on. There are 5 levels of education in France. The first level is called Creche. The Creche is the equivalent of daycare in the U.S. The age range for the Creche is from birth to 3 years. The Creches purpose is to prepare young children for the next level of education. After students complete their last year in the Creche they move on to the Maternelle. The Maternelle is the second level of education and is for children 3 to 5 years old. It is comparable to preschool in the U.S. (Lect. Notes #4 Sp.99). This level of education is when students are first introduced to education. After students successfully complete Maternelle they will move on the next step in their education called the Elementaire. The Elementaire lasts for 6 years so basically from the time children are 5 until they turn 11 they are in Elementaire. This level of education is similar to elementary school in the U.S. This is when students form bonds with other students and begin to learn what it takes to go forward in thei r education. After completing Elementaire students move on to the next level called Secondaire. Secondaire consists of two stages first is College and then Lycee. College is the same as middle school in the U.S. and students attend for 4 years. This is when students begin to form their personality and start noticing the opposite sex. Students also begin to explore their options for the future. This can be a confusing but rewarding time for the students. After completing the College level of education, students move on to the Lycee. The Lycee is the equivalent of the U.S. high school except students attend the Lycee for 3 years not 4. The Lycee is the time when students must decide their future educational plans. During the first year in the Lycee which is called the seconde, students are required to take mathematics, physics, biology, French, history, geography, physical education, and two foreign languages. During the second year or the premiere of the Lycee, students may spend no more than 2 hours on electives, and must spend no less than 25 but no more than 35 hours per week in the classroom. A typical week in a French school runs from Monday to Saturday. In the final year of the Lycee called the terminal, students are required to study philosophy and prepare for the bac which is the only way to move on to higher education. For a student to go onto higher education they must first pass the Baccalaureat. This is similar to the SAT or ACT test in the U.S. There are 8 types of Baccalaureat tests, labeled A-H. Baccalaureat A tests the student in Languages, Law and Psychology. The Baccalaureat B tests the students in Economics. Baccalaureat C tests the students in Mathematics and Physics; Baccalaureat D tests the students in Biology; Baccalaureat E tests the students in Engineering, Baccalaureat G tests the students in Business Administration and Baccalaureats F and H test the students in Technical Fields. The Baccalaureat C is called the Super Bac. It is the mo st influential and useful Bac. After passing the Baccalaureat students have two choices to make about higher education. They may choose to go to a Universitie or les Grandes Ecoles. The Universities are usually accessible to any student who passes the Baccalaureat. The Universities are under-equipped compared to les Ecoles. They offer higher education that can lead to jobs but not the high paying professions. The students who choose to take the Baccalaureat C usually attend the les Ecoles. They are the best-equipped schools available and graduates of les Ecoles usually go on to the high paying careers. There are no other countries in the world that place higher values on education than France. A degree in France is what carries people through to retirement. If you want to be successful in France the only way to achieve your goal is to earn a degree. While education is important in France, it must be reformed to stay competitive with other nations educational systems. France now boas ts the highest young unemployment rate among all other European countries. For this reason France must reform its current education system. In order for Frances education system to be reformed, it must change. This is a problem for a nation who doesnt accept change very often. In 1998 Frances minister of education found a way to fix the dated educational system. He allocated 730 million dollars to improve the educational system over the next four years. The minister hopes this money will lower the young unemployment rate in his country. .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 , .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .postImageUrl , .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 , .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523:hover , .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523:visited , .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523:active { border:0!important; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523:active , .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523 .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u26a7ca0ce73945447a9eff0453f0e523:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Listening Assignments For Brooklyn College 2.2 EssayOverall Frances education system is very similar to the USs. The major difference is that France places much more emphasis on the transfer of knowledge while the U.S. tries to teach children how to learn on ones own and the excitement of learning. As education has advanced throughout the world, Frances fear of change has caused this nation to fall behind. With new improvements Frances educational system will regain its power and integrity.

The Keys To Unlocking Transitions In Water free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper The Keys To Unlocking Transitions in Water When analyzing Waterss passage from fresh to salt every bit good as from salt to fresh one rapidly finds the importance of estuaries. In footings of geology, contemporary estuaries are immature and passing coastal characteristics. Today # 8217 ; s estuaries began to take their current signifier during the last interglacial period, when sea degree rose about 120 m ( Braun 36 ) . However, the comparatively high sea degrees and extended estuaries found today have been characteristic of merely approximately 10 to 20 per centum of the last million old ages. When sea degree was lower, during glaciation periods, estuaries were much smaller than they are at present and were located on what is now the Continental incline. Unless sea degree rises, estuaries tend to make full with deposits and go much smaller. The deposits come from riverborne tellurian stuffs from the gnawing continents and from sand transported upriver by the tides from the Continental shelf ( Braun 55 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on The Keys To Unlocking Transitions In Water or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is in estuaries that most of the universe # 8217 ; s freshwater overflow brushs the oceans. Because fresh H2O is lighter, or less dense, than salt H2O, unless the two are mixed by the tides or air currents, the fresh H2O remains at the surface, ensuing in a salt gradient. Tides force saltwater inland as a rip and bring forth a seawater we dge below the fresh water surface Waterss ( Bellamy 62 ) . Estuaries are ever in a province of alteration and barely of all time in a steady province. The chief energy beginning are tides, doing estuarine commixture, but air current, moving ridge gestures, and river overflow can besides be of import locally ( Braun 45 ) . Salt H2O and fresh H2O mix to organize brackish H2O. The three chief estuarine 1s? seawater, brackish, and freshwater? can switch seasonally and vary greatly from one country to another because of alterations in river flow. Besides, an country of an estuary can alter from stratified to well-mixed during the spring neap-tide rhythms. The most extremely graded estuaries are the 1s that receive a big sum of fresh H2O but that have a comparatively low tidal scope. Partially assorted estuaries have moderate fresh water influx and tidal scope. The brackish zone of such estuaries may hold a salt of 2 to 10 parts per 1000 ( ppt ) , compared with the salt of salt H2O, which is about 35 ppt. Where there is a big tidal scope but small fresh water influx commixture is more complete. In coastal lagunas, where there are big unfastened Waterss, little tidal scope, and low fresh water inputs, air current is normally a more of import commixture agent than tides. It is genuinely apparent the amazing function estauries play in the passage between salt and fresh H2O.

Crucible Essays (321 words) - Salem Witch Trials, Crucible

Crucible Cunningham-1 David Cunningham English III-AP November 10, 1999 The Crucible Comparison Essay The Crucible is a drama, based on the Salem Witch Trials and reconstructed by Arthur Miller. In most cases when a work like Arthur Millers turned into a movie, the outcome is usually misperceived from what the author intended. This is not the case for The Crucible , the central theme ans dialogue remains the same in both the movie and the drama. When a book over goes the transformation to a movie, the main idea is often lost. The Crucible carries the same plot throughout the video as in the drama. This is important because the true story of the drama is put forth in front of the audience as intended by the author. Everything that happens in the movie comes in the very same sequential order as in the drama. For example, we are informed in the movie, as in the drama, that Mary Warren tries to confess to pretense. It is in the very same order of the movie, as in the drama, that the young maidens in the town of Salem are accusing the innocent people in the village of witchcraft. The dialogue which occurs in the video and the drama are provided in the same exact order. The importance of this is that the viewer gets the actual meaning of the drama because the screen play, written by Miller, uses exact conversations and quotes exchanged between characters of the play, in the movie. For example, when John Proctor is frustrated with all the false accusations he exclaims The children of Salem are jingling the keys to the kingdom. Readers and viewers are able to understand the situation through the exact dialogue used in the movie and the drama by Arthur Miller. The advantage to having precise dialogue in the video, as in the drama, is the viewer is able receive the correct meaning of what is being said as intended by the author. Films and Cinema

Aaron Burr essays

Aaron Burr essays Aaron Burr was a brilliant man who made numerous contributions to the American Revolution and also led a prosperous life of the battlefield. Aaron Burr was born February 6, 1756 in Newark, New Jersey, he lead a tough child hood, but was still able to receive a great education and make something of it. He was a good soldier who fought hard and accomplished much in the American Revolution. After the war he lived to make even more out of his life. On February 6, 1756 Aaron Burr was born in Newark, New Jersey. Shortly after his birth his sister, Sally Burr was brought into the world. Aaron Burr was the son of Reverend Aaron Burr who was the cofounder and second president of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), and Esther Edwards. Both parents died before he was three years old. After his parents death Aaron went to live with his uncle, Reverend Timothy Edwards. In his youth Aaron constantly rebelled against authority. He escaped the strict discipline of his uncles home to enter Princeton as a sophomore in 1769 at the young age of 13. Graduating with honors in 1772, he studied theology and then abandoned it for law. In July of 1775 Matthias Ogden at Cambridge, near Boston, accompanied Burr. Things there were to quiet to suit two adventurous lads like Burr and Ogden, So when they learned that Colonel Benedict Arnold was heading an expedition against Quebec, Burr was quick to volunteer. Aaron Burr first served on Benedict Arnolds Staff, where he was quickly promoted to captain. He then served briefly with George Washington, and later with Gen. Israel Putman. In July 1777, as a lieutenant colonel, Burr took over command of a regiment. In June of 1778 Colonel Burr led his regiment in the Battle of Monmouth, which proved unfortunate for the American forces. Burr was very active in the battle and suffered slight sunstroke. In January of 1779 Burr was transferred to ...

Phase 5 Individual Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Phase 5 Individual Project - Assignment Example A DNA profile is encrypted numbers unique to a specific organism, and can accurately identify a specific organism. Variable Number Tandem repeats is an aspect of DNA testing, and they are similar related organisms. Unrelated organisms are less likely to have similar DNA profiles. Through the use of DNA technology, Timothy Spencer was convicted for the murder of Debbie Davis. Investigators collected hairs and semen at the scene of murder and they linked them to the DNA make up of Timothy Spencer. From the trial, the jury was convinced that the genetic make-up in the pieces of evidence collected had a likelihood of matching the genetic make-up of Spencer to the accuracy of seven hundred and five million people. The conviction of Spencer was upheld by the United States Court of Appeal which held that the use of DNA technology was safe and rightfully identified the suspect. It can be used to exonerate suspects from criminal liability. Medwed (2012) analyzes the case of Woodall II vs. the State, where DNA tests proved that he was innocent of rape, robbery and kidnappings. In the case People vs. Castro, the court held that DNA could prove that blood found on Castro’s watch is not his. This was a murder case in which Castro faced charges of killing his neighbor and her 2 year old daughter (Medwed 2012). Another purpose of DNA testing is to acquire a warrant of arrest and a jury induction. In Milwaukee Wisconsin, a warrant of arrest against John Doe is filed. This warrant of arrest is filed on the basis of matching DNA tests on the scene of crime. The state of Utah issued similar warrants of arrests against John Doe basing on the DNA tests found on the scenes of crime, and the state of New York filed a grand jury induction of John Doe. However, the United States courts emphasize proper use of DNA technology in ensuring equitable application of justice. In the case United States vs. Schwartz (1989), the Supreme Court

Politics of the Middle East - Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Politics of the Middle East - Final Exam - Essay Example There is the observance of the Five Pillars of Islam including Observation of the Holy month of Ramadhan, the giving of alms, prayer, five times a day, the belief in Allah, and Mohammad as his Messenger, and the pilgrimage to Mecca. Both the majority Sunni, and the minority Shia, are in agreements as to the above Islamic essentials, hence a unique way of life is espoused through clothing code, gender socialization, the adherence to the above Five pillars amongst others. Fundamentally so is the Kingdom’s guidance through the Hanbali School of jurisprudence (Fiqh) that being present in existent pre-modern texts provides principals that are rooted in the literal interpretation of both the Quran and Hadith, in addition to being predominantly Sunni. Nonetheless, judgment is often divergent from other previous ones, as Saudi law provides judges with the powers to apply personal interpretations of the Sharia Law (jurisprudence), as principally guided by the above two Books. Apart fro m the above is the presence of royal decrees, these being the other chief source of law and governance. These decrees, supplement existent Sharia Law in such realms as commercial, labor and corporate law. Of importance, though to a lesser degree are existent traditional tribal customs and laws rooted in the traditional aspect of the Saudi people. It is worthwhile to note that the Saudi population is deeply rooted in its divergent ancient-urban traditions that are organized along tribal and clan identities such as the nomadic Bedouin tribal communities (Niblock 56). The existent Sharia court system primarily constitutes the Kingdom’s basic judicial system and processes, with its judges and lawyers forming part of the Kingdom’s Ulema, the religious leadership. In existence also, are extra-Sharia government tribunals, primarily set up to handle royal decree-related disputes. Of fundamental importance, is the final judicial appeal directed towards the King, who through Sha ria Law provides the final procedural measures. However, there exists criticism of the Kingdom’s judicial (justice) system specifically pertaining to its slow, arcane nature, which espouses a lack of some safeguards requisite in this modern era. The judiciary’s top echelon, comprising of mainly the older generation of Ulema, is ultra-conservative posing a hindrance to the Kingdom’s modern interrelationships with the global society. Like a majority of its Arab League neighboring states, the Kingdom is endowed with both oil and gas mineral resources. In fact, it is the leading exporter of crude oil primarily located in the Eastern Province, with oil accounting for roughly 95% of the Kingdom’s exports, in addition to 70% of government revenue (Schlesinger 75). Thus, through these vast oil revenues, the Kingdom, just like a majority of its oil-exporting neighbors, has utilized the same towards rapid modernization, hence promoting a sort of welfare state. Thro ugh its privatization of a majority of its critical industries, such as telecommunications and power/ energy, the government continues to promote economic growth. Through increased oil prices, from 2008-2009, have triggered a second oil boom, akin to that of 1981, with current per capita income being calculated at $7,400; inflation being factored in. Being

The Rite Of Nokan Or The Encoffinment Religion Essay

The Rite Of Nokan Or The Encoffinment Religion Essay The rite of Nokan or the encoffinment where the corpse was placed in a casket during the funeral. Traditionally, the ceremony was to relieve the family of their grief by cleansing the dead of all his worldly suffering, while hoping they would have a better life in the afterlife. The specialist handled all the necessary requirements for ease of passage into the afterlife. In early times there were two main traditions practiced Shinto and Buddhist traditions. According to Shinto traditions, the dead as well as the family unit from which he/she came from were considered to be unclean and impure; therefore the corpse had to be washed for purification. Traditional Japanese believed that the dead persons soul remained impure for some period following death before purification through memorials done by the relatives of the dead; thereafter the soul was deindividuated into an ancestor god or goddess. Traditional Japanese opinion that dead people are impure is based on the Kojiki myth, where maggots came out of the rotting body of a god. Traditionally burial gowns were also considered garments for travelling that prepared the dead when travelling to the other world. The encoffinment rite was done by the family members as death was unclean. In modern times, in keeping with this rite, family members wipe the corpse clean with a cotton cloth dipped in alcohol with the assistance funeral specialists. Traditionally Japanese funerals were to serve as prayers for the deceased persons soul while also serving as the familys time for public mourning as it was meant to keep their loved one in their memories. Typically a Japanese funeral follows the sequence: when someone dies, they are placed to rest in their homes. The corpse was placed with the head pointing the North, copying the deathbed of Gautama, and the head of the bed is well decorated. Then the previously mentioned encoffinment process. The first night after ones death is called the Tsuya; and it is for close family and friends to remember their beloved. In the morning, a cleansing meal is served called Okiyome. The funeral is thereafter carried out where the Jukai rite also known as receipt of commandments gives the dead an opportunity to receive the Buddhist commandments, automatically making the dead a disciple of the Buddha, and the dead person is accepted into Buddha hood. After all this, the deceased embarks on the journey to the other world as the coffin is carried out of the house and burnt in a crematorium to ashes. Presently about 99% Japanese are cremated while only about 1% are interred. These changes in preference on the method of sending off the dead have been brought about by the Countrys main religion, changes in dwelling environments and changes in technologies. During the high-growth era of the 1970s, cremation became popular outside of metropolitan areas and crematoriums were built in several places as a matter of national requirement. VIEWS HELD BY JAPANESE ON CORPSES Generally the elderly Japanese do not perceive the body and soul as a duality, that is flesh and spirit. The corpse is considered a very important part and if funeral rites are not carried out, the deceaseds soul will not be mourned. It is very important that the corpse is attended to and the death is mourned by as many people as possible. Additionally the corpse must be well taken care of until all rites have been carried out. The body is not just considered a vehicle or an object or a shell for the soul but it is considered an entity with a will, hopes and rights therefore the family has a responsibility to care for them, respect them and accord them a befitting farewell.. CONTINUATION OF LIFE AND DEATH The Japanese considered death a passageway leading to the continuation of death and life. The Japanese held contradicting ideas concerning the dead. Even though they wish for and hope that the dead resurrect, they live in fear of the spirit and the possible return of the dead founded on the Shintoist principle of impurity, as explained earlier on in the funeral rites. They believe impurity is transmissible and transferrable and that, a house that experienced a death and even those involved in handling the corpse are also impure. Therefore Japanese funerals have a combination of rites to reaffirming death, protect the dead, and prevent bad luck and curses and prevent the dead from resurrecting. Some practices invoke the spirit of the dead from having a feeling of longing; which include Ichizen-meshi a single bowl of rice given to the dead and Matsugo-no-mizu which is water given to the dead at the time of death. There are other contrasting customs like the Sakasa-buton or upside-down futon, whereby the dead persons blanket is placed facing upside-down, and the Sakasa-byobu or upside-down folding of the dead ones screen, where a folding screen is placed upside-down on top of the head of the deceaseds bed, and Sakasa-mizu or upside-down water, where the water for cleaning the corpse is prepared by adding hot water into cold water rather than pouring cold water into hot water as normal. All this is done with the primary aim of separating the scary situation of death from peoples day to day lives and also to prevent pulling others in to death. Other customs were also used traditionally to make it impossible for the departed soul to remain in this life or to make an attempt to return to this life. They included making burial gowns without closed stitches or backstitches , and the practice of turning the coffin three times when taking it out of the house which was done in order to confuse the deceased preventing them from ever coming back home. Similarly the deceaseds bowl of rice is shattered, and the deceased exits the house through an exit that is not the front door. Throwing of salt is also another practice aimed to remove the uncleanness and impurity brought about by the death. Up to now, there is the Kichu custom a 49-day mourning and grieving period, during which the family does not attend any festivities. During this period, since the family was made unclean by the death it is shunned and avoided. There is also Mochu which is a one-year period. A time when the family mourns the death of their member and remembers the departed. Conclusion In conclusion we have discussed in this assignment how traditional Japanese viewed death their traditions and their myths concerning death and all the elaborate preparations they carried out when sending off their dead relatives. Why and how all the rites were practiced. How the deceaseds family had a responsibility to give the dead a befitting burial and respect them because it was assumed that the dead retained their individuality as they had it before their deaths. The idea and belief that death is a station led to a continuation and made it possible for communication between the old and the dead.